Improvement in land-level and measure



ngz.

rsu

HDGRAFHER, WASHINGTON D C academia @tutti @iii-1:.

R. AQARCHIBALD, or CONCORD, NORTH CAROLINA.-

Letters Patent No. 92,7 7 3,l (lated July 20, 1869; anteflcilteql July 15 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAND-LEVEL AND MEASURE.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom 'it onu/y concern.-

. panying drawings, and to the 'letters of reference marked thereon,.which form a part of this specification, in whichl Fig-ure 1 is a side view, and' *I Figure 2, a top view of my instrument-for levelling and laying olf-ditches 'ou hill-sides or on level ground.

-My invention relates` to certain improvements in levelling and laying olif ditches on hill-sides or on level ground, so ,as to insure the same'width of ditch, the advantages of which will hereinafter'bemorellly set forth.

In the accompanying drawings- A B are two bars, hinged at c, and supported by the feet G, which are pivoted to the pieces A B, the object of which Will -hereinaiter be more iillly set forth.

To the bar or piece B are pivoted, at ay and a', the two? pieces D and F, the former of which is passed through-a slot, I, in the bar H, the latter (H) being securely attached to the bar A.

@n the outside ofthe bar H is a scale, S, numbered 0 l, 2,' 3, Sto., and' opposite each ordinal are holes, through which a pin maybe inserted, the pin entering also a corresponding holdin the bar D and leg A. y

The bar D is provided with a spirit-level on its top surface. y

' The feet G are attached to the legs orvbars A B, in order to support the instuunent when in operation, and are pivoted to said legs, that they may be turned. in any direction, so that thel general level of the landsurface may be' obtained, regardless of the direction the instrument may berun im v If the feet G are dispensed with, inrunning over rough land, much difcnltyjarises, as the lower end of one of the legs may rest on a ridge or elod, whilst the lower end of the'other leg may rest on a ridge or fur'- row, and the, instrument would not then rest on the general level of the land-surface. This'difliculty is obviated by the employment ofthe long pivoted feet G G, which I' attach to the legs A B.

In operating my instrument for levelling or obtainLA ing the height of a hill or mountain, the foot 4Gr is placed at the starting-point, the bar' I) being opposite the zero-point of the scale, the leg B i`s placed on the ascent, the pin withdrawn from the hole inthe piece t H, and the bar D levelled by the spirit-level, when the pin is again inserted, and the height ascended read from the scale when the same o eration is re )cated until the top of the ascent is reached.

The bar F is attached to the leg A by a piu and hole in each, yand is employed to retain the connection with the legs during.th'levelling of the-cross-bar D.

` ln layingoft' av ditch on level ground ot' a fixed width, the instrument is merely moved along the line 'of the ditch, and pins stuck at the points where the feet G rest.

'Ihis process, however, will not apply when the ground is hilly. 4In the'latter case, when the foot G, of the leg B, is raised vertically on the ascending ground, the distance between the feet will be equal in length to the hypothenuse of a right-angled triangle, the base ot' which is the fixed width of the ditch.

The arms A and B being pivoted together at c, and

there being pivoted connections between the cross-bars F and D and the feet, with the' legs, the instrument can readily be folded up, which rendersI it more con' venient 'for transportation.

Having thus fully described my invention,

lVhat I claim as new, and desire vto secure by Letters Patent, is

The hinged legs AB, provided with feet GG, pivoted thereto, in combination with' the pivoted cross- Witnesses:

J osera YOUNG, Y LEoNIDAs B. MAUND. 

